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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is an 8j7vu qi40s yv


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, thejt9( kwua8 ( u.l,yuhere is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicspm- h n rei283m-nu.im, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its orkuhero y*y,m axb gu7/6h(c .*iginal volume with no change in its temperature. This process imk y(xucbyau eog/.*h,7rh*6s

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermallyn 9 snq1;bgb.y from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mecha1y bnnbq g9.s;nism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original v0mf:7pt;l xr polume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of;tlp 7 r0m:pxf the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothepgd5hlt( y (d 3tk,+nnrmally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the externalylp5 dnd3 ,+ (gt(htnk mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the event, thbbx( 0nc:zf x+34sec pe gas exchanged no heat with its surroub zfbx:x c+4pne(30scndings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thevndgxk-3/p t0 rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume dl9 6t/0x)r vq y)ggroauring an adiabatic process. Thev)xt9gaqy6 go/lr0 )r final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in az8ym2w6ot a90dv b;)mwfa e r5ll respects except that one contains tw obfwa2m8; rdv)m65 zea90y$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of /p 4j ;ma:vwf 0w:kzibgas identical in all respects except that one contains v :a0:fkwipb4wz; j/m$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is an )bhiac817 dyz9e. irdiokz3 5


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chj.l 4lx8m5kqvange in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody6 4kb d;ul:dsjnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is -j 2rqq; 7*oc 0s(a ct.hoka0hps.ynfadded to it. This process iccf.h0spjq(n2.h o7 oy-; raat s0kq*s

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energyd5.xp lxmlac+w a9.c: are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the:cwaa p+ xmc .lx5.9ld internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the4f 6g)qed: aut PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no chang+k8ve g6z ez.00rumv ge in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of am5 *ueppacdr.h1+y8 thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as hea5 npk lr,ndnz;)zh8x6 t energy is added to it. This process ik5rh z),z8 nln6d np;xs

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a /e*i /ux:agvngv14wj dvoy (*in ,yc2sample of ideal gas at constant volume. iyuxa vo4n/igg(* *,y w/vd12c envj:As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamics.(0dxqbu4d :ix
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat froq)wj ed ) 3/n cm)qk/+ckzvf:pm a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfel-d9a16*aokv0 sdyn 6kcei l3 r heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to l1r:qbn;la9o ed 4/pwClausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, h 0/ .kluzo8exbul lz,9ow much wo/k u0ulx9bzzll 8eo,.rk is done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engiugi+a:o )gqfvf8o ye;1atk rj;7 8+ sjne is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Ca9jw 0gjw1j /lyrnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must y1w lwj0jg9 /jbe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists9fb/u,zq6 :d, opdzlv of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck stcon u1hw1-8 eejo o0k8atement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COPuv: t2*w ho y6es4u/pu) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio o pus 4y/v6e*:twuou 2hf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perfor *r5njqg8 c s0yqedsx ,m:80xkmance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entrtvk6o4 yxs6 b+m3/lr copy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any procesex( v1o5nkc+k s that may occur within an isolated system, which on kkc nv51(exo+e of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second l9485(pm vi; ahouptibaw of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynb x* l:7g x;dt kaw46*ya.pq+udpx8t famics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas*r r fmdmqc) ez+)q6:bk- 4rzm. What is thrrq:4q-r)*mz6fmme z c +b)kde change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed frqmlhrec u :tbf;q(w 05dv07/pom an ideal gas. What is the work done in the 5wrhu0(td:/ 0 fp lbqcv q7m;eprocess?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an t.f7zzl6b/h n isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal energy? b6f/zz.htn7l

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chan *nx dq,h0-klfge in internal energy of hkx0l*nqd f,- the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic proxpps 0 v;x:nu4w.gt 0;gb qj1vcess while doing 25 J of work. What is the cha:q; .01jgpg0pbsnvvwxtx u ;4nge in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J.u2oa3 hv xxm3lxhet04v9c+t8xc5 2 lz What is the worh3 8zctm+5ax 2tev ll2hv9xu 4 ox30cxk done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the intea5rh*wtecg(n+h.f-8ntx ipk: w 2 u7brnal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whatea+pk n5n8xtri bg*.tc w- huh72f(:w is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a mon((h-t ldde9vlt/c8 ako9k ;u iatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. Thivohd kt9l al-eck8 iut;(d/(9 s feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is coopg,n/qfw/h5bt y )g q,led by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of y5/t,f,gw/ hnqbq)g pgas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kmgsyou5dl 8cy+wg 9 /qt8 8ig8g of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in ew:pxp6c-kz.q,np2l u ach cycle. What is th:6. p2xn,cpwzqklp- u e efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of hw6kq w4bgcl6 ;n /:hzgeat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cyclec4zbgh w6gq6 :wlnk;/ ?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and recehjh1f-epr ipo+nnb2,m4xh( 2 ;y+sc eives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust rexe h+f-sh2,ymj np 1 hion(4+2p;bcin each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. ckv2.nj4 1wah j4 4kcv+ocnb . Calculate the efjc . 4+c hnwacob2n vk.1v44kjficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kca : k00d na ;mkp3gki23;gs+ uvm+22dz ukzxzwjl. Calculate the work done each d03 d mzk3 vkkkajsw2mpn2x;ziz:g ;g2u++u 0cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has 8 u a(dhgpk;5kthe following characteristics: combustion chamber tempera p(5kauh8d;kgture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the jkom ch ::e3q6sg9(burd6q 2gfollowing characteristics: combustion chamber temperature =6 2ucsmgo gd9qjqe(:3 :bh6k r $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followix;+u+ sud7pp0et0 h n,my*rqbng characteristics: combustion chambe7m+b 0*rnppuxe+ t0,hy d q;usr temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powerwojl szx5 pm-f86( v7x. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generpr3 xjshle bw o 9a.h0h p.7*46y7yhigates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant ge b1wdv( oy/zip0.,ht*b nsjf61xr3 menerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates betw*ca4xr*vt/ d0f2f6p cx:ww/ ue9 mogheen $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum 5zb tjnk(, zn2oae46 atheoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating between tez k o nb5na(jz46a2,$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine g/e/n pzs agk yfv9m;/f*4ld6 is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold rg f46//; dy/eamfk9 znvlgp*seservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betweeifc*o; lrhd d8 ff),+-*qndptn $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate ozy7o(qer5:si f 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ intqyo75i e :(szro a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate 5w2snaxm7l q9of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What issa95w2nl x 7mq the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation,srh7*oz1g i-o a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the ro*hso-g71 rz ioom. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of iceo9yxr b*sl)w3 melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes,ls7rit 89l9 ds the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion 20mm7j* 0unpje vh x/zand its entropy changesemmxn *7j0jhp2/u 0zv by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at -hypcapfa45 yh8j,-1l bvh t9$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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当前第 题,此次习题练习共有 71 道题

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