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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V gq(.6vt7sdc+o awfm+6ll3o prm xq,f 0raph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal processyopc+jww /h g7w25zf3 , there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody)/abbk2 1xh +iw4f ias) hbh7nnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no c7)zeu0ygqhfdas r/ 6q uu 13h*hange in its temperature. This process / hg) d0z 3sfuu *uaq76eh1qyris

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L tn)-wdllc 5nk 5o 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by-n5lk cnl )dw5 the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an isot* svw.j(e.kj-by 2 ubyd:p3na hermal pro2b *ap.jsjny.wud be3-v:k ( ycess. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermallywog018ilu.lfgxn2x(: nt c f31f 7bfs from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gasnx0b1ns(8 :ugf7. lt2ffi clow3 1fxg. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment.al(m*j mek r-ok3jg01 During the event, the gas exchan( ek1jjr-m3 gok0lam *ged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of theq iw 2t/aqunznd98d7vk90(jv fi+lb:rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compresxkpgrv:xxa 3; h/b+(qsed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. Txg a/(k+r; 3 pvqxbxh:he final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical /f.9 zlvbu cx)in all respects except that one containscu/bxf. v)l9z $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in3 ac,v fs(crw. all respects except that one contains 3v(rc fc., was$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PVfk+a: x lcs0i*u khf(3 diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no changez f,m:ui5jqd0 bwf2 i07:eebp in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody ,t p2+,opgw0 lxd 2 ylnjf9k /0ttkj9g;uqg7fnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressuren;w7z7u;n5x y-c; x+gaz orat as heat is added to it. This process isu r wg5;z-+ na 7znox;y7xc;ta

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat enermz;(0et4 6pii f8 xjhugy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of the gaz imx ji(0u6fpe48;ths

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PVvwjy0 o9* (req diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, therdwn;p* 0undvcqm*sex) 3f+x: 2,vdute is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law oio:6+p 5dbbnq f thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is a)z5 e1;resosxr +v*yk fkm w03dded to it. This process;zk)* esoykr5r 03wx+1 mfsev is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal;rj0zfc 1m5/(yzkk hx gas at constant volumeh kmr k0(;1f/jzcx5zy. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamicf29d2yr)z,tw3 a s e2k9hwmf. ique5zs.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold rese4h):sy ;z2,q7tmxneq*ai lh trvoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from 11gkj/h2 cru -yol 7cr;wp-o sa cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clatr-m.rq8tbi v3nl;8 lusius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much w p;) arggqwoc +js;g+(ork is done by an engine operating + w;ps g;cjaqg rg)(+oon this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat enginea1u /.swii0:) gatijy6 uc9yf is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, 6mp/;ynx pkk56rf.e 7 (:leor6/w zjw ltzz)sthe heat sink must bplyrtrz6ez l. ;wn6x/)kwjfsz7 /p(:65em oke

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis3x (j6h:j1 em 1gyx5u fgkuy-ets of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement onib0; l h l307ic4ttlrf the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP f3-t,-npz u58gsl zng) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio o - uln3n,gpzzst5g- f8f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is definedvpkhq 6,umm /( as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the wated+:* znanm0gy r

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of :r bga 70x1l;t poaj2athermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolatea;tg ajb:01lr7a xpo 2d system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermody0 cigl*f9ob 6gj)awu3qq. ; bcnamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of ther j72bi eni7d:4*v m-pih7um 4kw-raga m/p9mjmodynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J d z3:mqe /e7:rvzbq3zof heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the changzvzbqq d::ee/3mr 73z e in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fv oot3,1zii1 from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the proceso1vizf3t1o ,i s?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an issq38ox r* y0k))oogj.m;d5qnef a+ahgd 7.d o othermal process is -400 J. What is the change in iqo.h fqs 7xj 5*gr myd ;d.k3+aoa)d0gn8o )oenternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the cha r ,ck.5hkn))e6emacmnge in ) ck)e ah6rck m.,5meninternal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Whatw3 q+0r hjd,ggw gq*:q is t:g3qd hgjr q0+wqg*, whe change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the inteq7x 0;inwj:gcrnal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the work x0gnj7 :w;ic qdone?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of 4dt082ewx) rw9o rnsia system decreases by 50 J. What is the hewd0rrwne2s)9i 8o x4 tat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a mona7 .-.pz/cnqh+ ou fauatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 4007h-a . /+qupfnz oau.c J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of e7m,(ty5k nvf 9nfsqhcvy m588 xw(rw3nergy is removed from it. Hf8 vnvf 59r8kw 7wy mn(mth,x5cy3qs(ow many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kmd zs2mb* ,ehoczzpb,g4s. 4; g of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 79q,wd87sn ( wcne5f xt000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the eff n8w9q(x,7cf sdewn5 ticiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficil c936v;vw jkaency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in a3cwlk6;vvj9 each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0%1 c8etkd*:hqi+1g cod and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat*hcckq1+dg e8ot :id1 does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Cddcz6.8: 6gg nv trin-alculate the efficiency of each cci 6dt8g:zd-r. 6vg nnycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat g12e4+kghmkj+ gqb0peach cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each c4 mje 0bkgq+ 2kgg1+hpycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far hasci7 h-wbe)m;-rt *xkp the following characteristics: comw-*7p -)b ;mxhirtec kbustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enginep fj*a5jlrs b8+1a j9vs built so far has the following characteristics:bj +a8lfjvrs9p1*a j5 combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following cbis7)p)u isn8tph1p/ jxg , a.haracteristics: combustion chamberxuiip7jpa /)s1,g.s8 tnph )b temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generat(5 9gs7teew rkes 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses d .i7g-4no-q;dohhb s2e /gs-+ snd:venv:pq$4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gu i+kjt (fd3h/enerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot effqdv qq p.cq8 )yi,ef);mluy1: iciency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efflv95duga k 9,piciency possible for an engine operating between v95,ludp9a kg$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cl;pbm+c e x;t ish7/s9old reservoir if the temperatureemsl/xhs7 ; bp+c9;ti of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating between n1 fd+cfz)6m z$40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate ofdy*j) c kuk dh6ge.-n/ezc x3az*)rt + 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in eac./ -c6e3 k j*d*az+knt )rdx)cuhyegzh cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20m8jvm 5af13y 6 *edanc9 :oeqo+knl3 n kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a roy*n51o8 kndc+3 mof:vlqa9a e36jenmom per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat fir3f.nwauev :33*kg.mo ; zv hrom the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. Hz.i.m :hg* n;3oekwfv3a3u rv ow much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g1mgcbk ex* /b87b6rhw of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entropy zv8*pj r;ht)b5v1mnr is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoesxfa,cniyq0b1 4 brm., an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes 4.0nfbyr,1m,x baiqc by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at km orsoszs- 0xa+axtk kd6y3 6r .l,,($80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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