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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://mail.5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://mail.5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V gr cbxy;p;z1, dli z);gcaph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change ixv, myec- :e igkusowm0p /254n

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of82n)xn wlxn4t thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice it op-nngh 11j vuxji.2:s original volume with no change in its temperature. Thijn:u2 xpj 1o-g.hn1v is process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally9:/lp+ic4zyhf0 b0 iq0;-c shypfec k from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the changpf lfb;q/ c0se0h+cy9kipzi-: h 0 yc4e of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to oe,t-jkz 3 kd2cne-half its original volume during an isothermal pt ,c32k ekz-jdrocess. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L t ei taki48tj dmnf17zo c7*x5(o 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the foenz4fxmad7 c kit o5(*8jit71llowing statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the event, t .buoq;szsre *)z5 y-mhe gas exchanged no heat with its o zy qr.sub-5zes );m*surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, ( eg2- lodk,/hn3 a g/dv5piw9:osyql $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-halkj /f*rrrv/-ja dis9, qy(6ixxx06v qf its original volume during an adiabatic process. Thef x6r rdxiaj jv/0iyq9 -rks,(q6 v/x* final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that oju a uto/tv3h8t/( d-u(,jiwqbslb 1*ne contains t hjb3jd l w-8v/*ot,1q(/t(ia busuu$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all resptss+xge 3 r9.rects except that one contains e.+sgr xrst39 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is(ha,;f0sr c1m d-c eum an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, thx./*cokl9eu( c fy qh9ere is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of t:nbc3g8yr*m;/0 1wftv t ygo kk2bw9 hhermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is adde)1 rrak8 +aaevd to it. This proces8)ra1a kerav+ s is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferredw1;cing: unr4rl m5m1d(mc;i,o7 tb s to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal emi;:ol 5ribnc(sm1r7m c gd;1tnu 4w ,nergy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram t+d-cw 6m6 fiqzt( h3go)(kmtis


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, tvnpy 7d;i p/hz d*+ -xdf:sw5q2 blr7lhere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,fp3d l wvj;/b. $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is add0 (4icqf( ayoied to it. This pry f(oaiqc(40i ocess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transfej:*izlh rm +p sw4u:,brred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the irbw,iuhljs4zm* p+ ::nternal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thw*60tj/ t7 jhn*x9m wjb8yt zhermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfe-w be( c1l2zphj6v2a lr heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat kubpqq) 6r)z15m /xoanjw 1w3-7pf2zvdwx e,from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to fb2goo5z26l cClausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much /:d4/zin )enf urik8 awork is done by an engine oi4d/kz)r ei 8anf:n /uperating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is definahyngxp*v 97v: uxrf4 3c0k(jed as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of ( wg fmw9iuaiz76j8vc0r-gi5 eva m;4 a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink mustw;wm u487zc0ggaa v5i6i-imf(rj9e v be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consismlq4 31rv2ze ku3d-jqts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the sec1 xn* 3t()pds3fg arb2ve)aciond law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performan 0a;ypnng j5.g 4scxr,mc87 r+pr9hviv1u)fjce (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio o 41hsfp5i08gr7jnu.amcx r9 ,r;y gc +vpj)nv f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP)kq d)cg+.,dah(( jozo of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the eno5c)d9v(, q+eaeq b vktropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur q m k2q4a.qk1zwithin an isolated systemqm2z.kkqa 41q , which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general stateme x3.v43:agq 4mahf y7o-lbkwdnt of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermo8ywc rw:bouy5b8+*c l dynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal t-j6luvt:yx15el 4i1huky f,mxj,xe 7j5bo .process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the chyfxe5xytuijej: kvu h.j4,l1x 61 bl 5m-t,o7ange in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, : 3:uych4n+ yl)*tirv8ygmxf 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the processxy :mry83fn 4cy+l ih vt)g:u*?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermad:h*zuud z-3dn: ps uuhg1q4:l process is -400 J. What is the change -n qu :d *gsz:uh:h13 updzud4in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What dkseid.uo* fp no+l2,ozqm 13,1wa5 kis the change in into,ow, +*nfdae d5qp1m k3ou1lk.2 szi ernal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What i/-zq99zkxj6 kh15n t nwmz7uqs the change i z6j/zq915 tmk zxh qknu7w-9nn internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases b4ms4o d8 j*dcayuy*h 1y 50 J. What is 4asjmu** docy 8h1 y4dthe work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal rvic;m5dh g:yol3n2n9bj/ 8lenergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What l8:;rmigh /obj 5nyc 9l3 nv2dis the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it 9 +4ky8mrsgeh.. :t 9v0gmfga v fox/ris cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How muke 9.gv +sm8/.m yfrrx4o t :9fvgah0gch work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is coo:t17gicq miyuret8)/m /5xmnled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed nt) x:m5mm/ e8 c gqryuit7i1/from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water ak1 fap q ljoz2,6c;4dzou,u,t t $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J ewjp- )7ugx5 hof heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is th7 wpe hujxg)-5e efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cyclelizkny7 so a0/qzc7 +1z1,nab . How much wor z+k/ql7z,c1ybn7sa z1n a 0iok does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% anzx s3wh7n0/k2 diq9bdd receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust /hbs k07d w2zinx93qdin each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kca08z ktoo4d.ai3b; gu e,dyh+jl. Calculate the effgk;tij84 b .3eo0u ydz,h+adoiciency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal x 40s :ocqwts/4,otrh of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each cych srct/x o4o0:qstw4,le.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient e2tqbo9drr68ze ji- qpkdr6+;ngines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperat9bi62-qzj; 6dd r+pot eqkr8rure = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so f+ r9( d1rbohatar has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature = r1o(a9 h+bdtr$1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has they(dqisku +pj3-,tc (g following characteristics: comjp3cs -k (iugt y+d(,qbustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MWn t5v*;5zf oqk of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electricr,1uu5kg xsica) uqj8(d94w4 j(z sgb power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gener k/.vp3v )5wsuiog-brates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which ope*-0w 2wkfn syk xha+z:rates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theow w86dh8 w) wug ypz).wkm:)atretical efficiency possible for an engine operating betwe:p6w)td)wyz.)hwam w88wg u ken $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the te:)viga /cuvw.: ouije/qdi ; tt,6s v4mperature of the cold reservoir if the temperae;gu6iu jqao4v/)s d:c ttivw:.,i/ vture of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatid:l euzwq,9-kng between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rajl4l oma e6(d)te of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in 6lj meld o)(4aeach cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartmjzo,//il(r)nb+ j yl) ngdd,w ent at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performobn dw, y+)rizg( ln/)d,jj /lance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs g* uv43*- 0mng/m)nxlxmvoqlg q,1t d 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is reuxq l-m 0xog*)qlgv1mdtn3g/ *m,4v nquired in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g ovc1psn:3 hzy (y0 bl.nf ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, tw b +rc0xt()js+l x5yvuc 1fw3he change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal 8o2zxu.r8h rd gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes bzu r8h2.o8rd xy
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at mjprib rz, 9+g;( tnk3k,yh(w$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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