Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal areas in equalm (9kdi8lh .ds time” can be derived ml.kms d(h9 id8ost directly from which conservation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system k 9 5y/6xm5.usvfeav qfollow elliptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of t5u 5 vv/sf.6myxe9aqkhe following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational attracti zmw 74j.g1rvwefn 3h7fz3m6z on between two small objects if the mass of each .zf1w3e 4zmg 6wh3j7mnzvr7fobject is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other wity0e9 rwpoke 9:h a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the diwr epoe9y0k9 :stance between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and; 4qg(yll- z moly12xd7v4l+ rf0clvrY, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the q2vvl4;z y1m7-drcl4l 0x+lg o (flry radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rot+ls tm:du w4 3cho59ikating planets, X and Y, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius of Planet Yos wmkd+u :ci935 lth4. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by r8p e)gyd6 vecco--z9lz*m .w a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. W roem-y6)*-zwv9elcczd p g.8hich of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravitati,oveo y+ r. g:a/hk:6gc:l1llb pmx8sonal force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in o 1,ory .8le:cvgol+h6:b/ plagmk sx:rbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influen :f4o+f0ji s,an:bn kfce of the Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s accnoa4n jsbfk , :+f0:fieleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a l)t )tbr7 l7bqcargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitationr) ttb)q77b llal force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

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99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences the same grakov j xhw *4e04t0q.ejvitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the follohovt0wj0jk*x 4e .q4ewing would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an objec4 j5i j(m x:.xxotfh9wydma ;(t that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be c(x4jt mjx5y:wa.9dmh(xf i ;o losest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mas k*7xmr z0nd,5vtd .bms of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude , kr0d7 n*5.mxmzdvtbof the gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and 83i yk m8kfm7ja mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleratijf3y kk887mimon at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planed tq/ vg4 k k *1som*k)69kghjzg(fq2et X in a circular orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of tk9tg21 hk)o*/ m4jfz dkg(vke6g s *qqhe gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mgxdms) 3c*t56xj 0kvvass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for thx 0)d5g6* k smxt3vvjce planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circula :csnu 57bdms;r orbit at the sa;ub5s ncs m:7dme altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes d:lr(t,gemxo v3 e6+w-)aeci 1iqyb 0a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem,kbp nwys tyd(rn ,e 2fahkmg3:8o(p54:u7bn 5 the word “weight” refers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shp4wy 5 narf pyhe ks,tk(7ob :8nb5n(du32g:mape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves r2u+ tj /pu8dxfrom aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the pointdrxj uu 2tp/+8 on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follow yymf/( t7,y7 ag6hccgzvpog;hu; u 2(circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separat7 6c,yo(/v(t gch 2upg7 afzug;yy;mhed by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with spee,8i/3d0xy8y5;cfog drv qk7 zui/s a nd vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly appliexd7r kf 08zyc/i 3dasiyq/8ung; o,v 5d to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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