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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph yh1gc(fadb,tvo5.w v;bld7n*ox ) 7nis an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there ie2 zi23 thlg2k4xh7rh s no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of7uob(w d oco+, thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twikpodz aa 7ni)-lje*r()b 7s(pce its original volume with no change in its temperature. Thpk *dr )az)j 77ia(bpso( e-lnis process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compresseda r3; fec bot3iya56lwl5,kz6 isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this g,y6ca6r5 k a;eo 3 ifl5zbt3wlas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compa )wil5(+y re:1me +x dqf7pqfressed to one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressuy1x)+l7qerdq5 m(ewfp+ iaf: re of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally fi p7y1 tvvr5m2rom 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the follyv m7p1 i2t5vrowing statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in ank3 -jf9kf+ lv zx)q.jo isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its sk ql.vx -9)3ojf+ kzjfurroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamic9dbw5yvpn:6xe l.4o xh8dl;ay+m lo +gof +m5s, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is 6be+v8aga0qg3av(at gjuc 20compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The fie+23(ua0avcj gv0q at ggb68 anal pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that o-xv6uz d56au ;op 3bdqne contains3bdu vp6udz x6;a- o5q $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders ol w z+yv5;h( ni:/n v*jprb0zuohdj5 0f gas identical in all respects except that one contains h5j5ibow0hl/ un; jzv*r(zyvp0+n d:$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagramksbd)rh.w8 *j9b- zfp is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, thew vd e-w.6f5vq-du)sore is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ob(4 /adgj3fnzbxv-4chufk 1(f thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. Thisyz gz*:hj-8hk prhhkjg y -:*z8zocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat eneb2h a;g7qe)/,hqqtos xjhv +ntm3i,9rgy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the inte7h/a,tt o g h 3bsjm;h, q9)qe2vnq+xirnal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diak/ nl6(ltjhr5gram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process,bj c 7p 1w(/gm7oqm9oj b(nr0n there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamik6pjb-+ uc j/ gmy1;5hsk 7i frg1bwe6cs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannotn2 zk11d1zbjx expand as heat energy is added to it. This process j zb2d11xzn 1kis

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energka;x+ ci pch,n 3)or+gnvk;u8 y are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a resu n,;c;h )xrnc3 8u ov+kaik+pglt, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law rjom7-b 5:a sv:uh i4yof thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a ccyuh62+ uwaab c4:o.rold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a aqdj6y 2tdqza/xkv, 6io(36 e cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Cs./a2y dj6ng olausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, ho6ld;wjdn:po,eh h *)nw much w owdd6l, )h:e*j;nn hpork is done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ra;se mu l;4j9bc1ajib2vin2 0ntio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heigh(-0u0 vcxcat sink must 0-guch0civ (x be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consisazo 7 d/is1pshe9qz03ts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statr-6ko/, va0 2qrz0, mtl sehwiement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is*; gyq/qt . o7pnad9df defined as the ratio ofd9a *nd7/;gfqq yto p.

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (Cz6xyo b qoh54 o3pb9d*OP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy ,le(fo ;4zfjke:wq1ihg2h f.of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics,:k wtx)iw 6+it) 6jvbg for any process that may occur withigbw k+ )wixit6) vt:6jn an isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement ofg zn6d;i: kv5 fmm8-3(r5dv(fnpvdrq the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads tlf/4 /kf dhg7us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is remigv6s,+s: l ,thg;yn hy3(hbhoved from an ideal gas. What is the change in internal energy?tg+ ghn(s;l ,v:hhs3ibyh,6 y

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from 3x1ifkmvz *s8 an ideal gas. What is the k1zv*fis 3m8x work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gbnm)jx g/ 6- in2ph92wzatu.y as system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in ipz /.)n92i nbg t-jmhw2uy6axnternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically.zr +lb;bg+ .ue What is the change in internal energy of the ge;g +r+.bl zubas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What m 2,wq( npb8b/ nw+evv iia9bt5z5q kh6rr35nis the cha /i+653q h ni55r,taw k(2b89vvwerqzpbbnnm nge in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 4f6zp*nn;aew)7jmfby7;w zs k7( pve J. What is the work (nf7zsyvbe ;6wzk *e ;ma7p)fp4w7jndone?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreivo 4ga n2)9q2xr/4omvs+fgeases by 50 J. What is tro4vioag 2vm)x9 s4/nef2gq+he heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained aty0fr2skhvts b j5ss964d 9 r2m constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 Jv6ssj bh0 y2m2t954 s9rsrdk f of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at cood:fvn5n ; ng j)g,*sdqp8,ytnstant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How 85ngjp: sft nq,) dd*ovg ;n,ymany moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg ofkm)qujen/ e4( water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives xqg7cb1q ; / qm+s54c qapkmx57000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiency?x4 +qg q mk5qxp 5mcbacs1/7;q

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficienotqi woh lu03jr//w+lgwni d.85y /9g cy of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in eaci8/q wytgw olw93. +jh 5/uonr/gi0dlh cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% aa6 2h+ h 9zrcg6upu6xynx5*xmnd receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cync5x xyhaugh 96m*26+z p r6xucle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cyc*08a:nmmjych522fvjt pm s t 3le and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cycl0ft a3pm t*5 vsycmjnjm:h282 e.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhasu /9(fom yo-36kbdy pusts 42 kcal. Calculate theup yfy(-obs6 kdmo 39/ work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built g gql5xvqxy41. vt7 t2so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tely41xqt5 vq2xtv.gg 7mperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engi v.tcl3u*.t amd*xp6p nes built so far has the following characteristics: coxpc3p* vadt.t.6* mul mbustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charactervs j av .09yso:1uyci4istics: combustion chamber tem c ay.ou i4:yjvvs1s90perature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates -t6p v/p)2ofypc0rjm 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plan0i,j9(yjp s jtt uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plv.mc10qm 2/axg a pc6xant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an x 2tg03jx8ds.usj :iy engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical effla uv- rs3j/ob7jo3 ,h ue2uf7iciency possible for an engine operating between u2,v/ 7b3uhs7- r3julojo aef$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperatuknpvfd6nu) / 3ygfq*:re of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is /g6 :ky*fpnvqnfd3 )u$500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwo mq i;u8:s(z rue0gs*een $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ /5 mfq46dfpbmand ejem/6f 4mq b5pdfcts 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from tsze:x /s tb5)ajx9 ad1he freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performa:x1zd9at b) e/a5jxs snce?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigeratj3)8wi e;ojgneg2pw-* jc( qr or absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the ror(pg 3n)8iej q; w2j*g-wo ejcom. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g bq ; p8m(.erihof ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in ent13k .xxt yy+dpropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at6pp+ (rnm4q rh STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy ch rnp+q( 6pmr4hanges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at y)c1)5p;llbt(a g oz p$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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