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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thebph;g8vv j3t)nj50 it 5o2m z z2ncq-k T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, theou8rvn/(/;i9ge wmj rre is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of4sc t 3(vsqa9p vk-..ctary4u thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its or*w,c4tvppsx3f/d d44ef vv-fw4g/ b e iginal volume with no change in its temperature. This procv,pp 4wgvdfx/bwsf3tc4e4fd4* v -/eess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed li ,df s)k;r;fisothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy i;fi rlk)sd;, fs expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an isotns *xfc*w8u b*hermal process. The final presscfx **b8wn u*sure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermauguu,w(i: t;.j3 o9qf d t,kbwlly from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechaw u jg9;b(,i kq,.oftwduut3:nism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated envik14g wy,h :ikvo f-,tgronment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat w ok-:,4g,y kfg hv1wtiith its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, ;u7tr1ery(4f l 8jee x$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-ha y;v -;k0cdhzsm2xg/ jlf its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of the ;zh x2vj-smdc k;y/g0gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one containw.5k 0s q7luajjin+8 ususj w8+0lqak i7uj.5n $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinder(( rvh:2amn so+b 3a+aimsg9vs of gas identical in all respects except that one contains (:gs9h a+a+ miavvb32 n( msor$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram i-2kbfyt(3zzc41 tvlu2a8hqc s an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no ch7 10z z6ggq2v-oc .hvyspw7nv ange in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics* vf 5bg0ro,rx, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat iyp5z1cyxr y; n3; hxb;f.0egys added to it. This process hreyg 1 ;0fbx. ;x5p cyzn;3yyis

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred )k;.6 fjl qsgvto a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. j;qs6) fk.vgl As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the Pamg*6+ m e6naaV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is nbc *x3pwj s-b2o change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of -y94qjs 6 t6)vrjlxrbthermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that c3)*yz u)ox6ep;7 c yvqne gl9yannot expand as heat energy is addedl* ugyoye 36) y7x );pnzecvq9 to it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at ch hs:r7lhv88q onstant volume. As a result, the internavhh8 hr7l: 8sql energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermod1 rx+py*a5 vooynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold rew;gsne 1 pc fn ;j)ij. 4lv891i:hvznuservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservjdmmw06en e 52dl -u,zoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of therm-q,2h+ 2 difs pmnsnn1odynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustzlc3fdg jc:i3pe w 0;+rated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an ec3:cil3edg0zpjf ;+w ngine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as 5 l(.sjjiax3e the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficv;o v78dcr;c hi bt8l7iency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must v8tr7cv8 ;;l bdhi7o cbe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistsbvr7u-0( j3 jlr( hbay of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second lba j85 +f)ilks rn3,p9u g qxn*lw sd083l6iluaw of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator,1dclsrk-xk g b:*q5p is defined as the ratio ofrk-c1,s:klg5d qb*px

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of pe:* )o)wafpycd;emdm 0 rformance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy o-;f:5z invsoyf5rey7w a e 4o7f the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process thakx9 3vroj ,gm.rlx:1 -qzh(fd t may occur wif ro1h ml 9:3x .rxjgkvq-(,zdthin an isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statementcrx21 baos2c ;kh gh1e6d.g+f of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of therm syj4-j6 birhl 1np/e3odynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. bnt 5*llx r0/)zpour n :rjh67 What is the change in internn r:0n *lhlt rr 5jou/)7pxzb6al energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas obt x(j4vbd(1. What is tb1vo4j t((dxb he work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process;3ptps zj 46us is -400 J. What is the change 3zs u4;p6tspj in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change ( mcb*aem14fj* 86q-wzhg:.ksv uft cin intea 1qe:zjhf b*vc( s-*c8ug6 m4wmt.kfrnal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic p w(p4r/lcopo 3; ipmys72 2ifg* eb+qxrocess while doing 25 J of work. What is thim p 437grw;fo bpiy esxcl*o+/2(p 2qe change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the int8*n,jf6b0f(kmn 2dd1ajq a kbernal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the6 j *k 0b,d 8afq(bnkfd1amj2n work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal7wvqb/fw-)rufjp7 (r -nhe z2 energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the-2rjwe-h)f bu7frvn w7/pq(z heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume yqo4nc6 j v)n59v6hak as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 4)v6k56nvjq 4oyn9 h ac00 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J oabw6rovmqjpw o .o(yca7230- f energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas j6oq 2rbv3aopm(oy7aw.-0 w c are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3el);ms/vi(hp:: x cz e.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of rfx 9/kto8nq*.,+hwa/c bbbr heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is thwf.ktrn */ab,q9+b/8 r x bohce efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heab:qi) + duuxx3gox.fhmi191d t per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cycl+bq f o3u1 i:1hgd)ux9.dmixx e?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. t60 job wufjps(g0 ;.cHow much heat does i uosj wf. bg;c60t0j(pt exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. *dep93wwxcsu7 , ns3h Calculate the efficiu,x p wscd*ehs3w9 73nency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 k ud5d8hd8 e c8n/jb,slbuxi4;cal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the wj8i/ 4lb,sd 8bdxe 8cdnhu;u5 ork done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far h38esv5vwj0l7sxj/, zl bfur4as the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperal0suw843rev j5 j7 zfvx ,/sblture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines / v8vz w0,rgflbuilt so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperw,vg0rv/ zfl 8ature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines builtf3*zobj 1h:rx .gom n:w/ wcl; so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temf; wbr.hcw */1 x3: ozjmlo:ngperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600ue (10b+r6p8hu0s il7v 6fn 9ayy pulr MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant u9yiv72xjmf5 a7cc lk9ses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW oficj7g , 3gfko2 electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficienvipa;f6 e jc /;qrsg5k-yl5*icy of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum t:te5ptuve,t +hbb55l /iwo5x heoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating betweeite 55ev h55l +xotptubb,w/:n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. Wh9 k nlzi 0gi ;qas4pp06+cgen.at is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the tempe0i6;9sn0png i+a kcpl. e4zgqrature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating byc oe 4689npw-p xybb30f(yww etween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from o5/nhb yi-whz 0(qe fi- ve12rthe freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each(r- nieewi-zh y5qhv/2b f0o 1 cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator remov boh:y5ubts.c2pghk/ ysu;61 x2s do7es heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of per7dgp:uhsy /uyo ctb xkso;h15 s2 .62bformance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of hevh wn 15qpwd(;jcc75ru7)z an at from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much wc)q75v(u7rjhncanp d wz; w15ork input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g n7fy:lpom b:h7 9d0 xg.2yj6qqpjn4sof ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freeze-j7:xhf2n4 pkwkp wivc6w f:(s, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and 763fjq gp(+hed1o/r( s+nu q,ajqygq -xwex2 its entropy chanqj(rnw j7 xp a3efdsq,q y u2(-1/gqohx6 e+g+ges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at h g8mjpu ifnp2ftn) 0ek42p- 6$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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