The three common phases of matter arefufh sf(o ; nu0nkr0,2

  Density is

  Substance A has a density :bh9g 7gjlum.of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is nodnd5 p7d9ehj7t a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All threeoqm7wp5 m ock-re7tn8 u*/k y* have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bot7p*78ok kun5/r* -w emyt qocmtom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outs)uuvopup*m5 3ide a tire called?

  When atmospheric press*enacn c.sbn twfu .9oo)91p/ure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a*wn e 9). u1o/ccbap.tsonf9 n pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a poolkc0p ;bcwz*i/. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the /*0 ci ;bzwkpcsurface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle1b) e)mvo 3qwk,ys1 aj.

State Archimedes' priolym239fq (ginciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, ap6ti1 3f;(3m ejdh p1lsb9ty what happens to the buoyads6eabh1pmjfp;39(itl3t y1nt force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fres3joh( 4zt xns9h water and in salt wantjo(3sz9 h 4xter. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A sh1,e2fiz- enam ip floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume1ifne e maz,-2 of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool o kn):6mdjjm4n.j(nz f( o *fwaf mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball gf (zj(aj4.nfnk )dn6mo w*jm:reater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits 4 kp o(+k pur7l5xsh4kat the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg pik7 k5x 44hl+psp(k uorece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests o1qg,1+hbu ozllw o 5w(c75 jmpn top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens tw(zcw,p1oo+5lj 1gum 75 bhql o the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top oqe)y, me-kg*i) xqxa5f the first piece, and does not touch the water. If yq*ege5 )i,kq-)a m xxthe top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger thzedhvuq b-uj.-+ :.a6q qi)rzan at point A. Where is the bzr-e-ud vq+ 6 )hja:i..uqqz speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horarlca j4mxx) nnq g;o246eg 2/izontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speej ea)q /xno42l c2nm ;a6x4grgd in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narr/v ls*d iq95hiows to half its original radius, what is the flow spisv 5 */idh9qleed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principlaeb cbr9 pn-txj)x1 p7xs8y4: e.

  Which one of the following is 0yx4h 7t*r tkqkqzshh- t)x5rr90c( yassociated with the law of conservation of energy in 0h9 qxk70)hc yt(rhkt * r t5xsy-qrz4fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in ird o8k 6lj.tb0,g4 lcthe fluid

  Water flows through a pipbb2+fh h vp0/(yjr x1ie. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure h(rvb0 +bypixh/ j f12greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the p9x 6 ed7/;n;yiqx :m+pneg) kjue2ivwaper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. Ty-w: 9vhnj 3pdhe force of air resistance on d:pw3 y-hnv9 jhim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and btd 4t981 fnais 3f-woxbw 5,c2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. oc1s8w 9 ibat bn4wx,ft-d 53fWhich will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical roco nv//llm54jnw*d x)-ffp5qt:kkdn -k of radius r falls through water, it experiences a drn-fx4nl/ddk )l-kw5 n *m /o:jt5p vqfag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of flhpr ldcpf*v(9;2thbl.6b,jgj k . 4 3ru;n qfouid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of t93vu,fk4dnjh.c hro 6 ftjr ;*b . 2p(p;llqgbhe quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diam n 4xk(fptqo;4eter of pipexn4t4pf o;kq ( A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long d6xh,o3fjj 7p*pbw y.as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipfpw.jpx3yd*j ,h76b oes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" tasthd9ox; 39pywqe seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us ho9w p 9xyd;3q"physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rit nv:7 a.e q.ln.xfm6sses to a height h. If the diameter were half as greasnev ..mt7 f .6ln:aqxt, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweighp lf-l:oxrm xge* c/0(t that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of b( :mlpx*cl/g -feo0x rug B?

  Certain insects, such as the wa,kn6 kjb kooo:linbld*-.1m16z,ht 4bwj5iwter bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on b o11l,i jzt5 hlwk mnn j: b6dkowo.k,i-46*bthe feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00x *glcp3l)8lt cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its densityl)gp *c3tx 8ll?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is i+wgn5 oy,bs j,ts density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is r7k9 *u+ ).tumyq juuvthe maximum pru uykm9v +7t u)rqu.j*essure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area 9i((8:grn k6 ;pbawvtg3jwmz$2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depqd;i7n a)olm1vww0m i2 c:op. th of 120.0 m in7 wcaw1; :mnopq dvmo20)i.il the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 c5qm;nzr6s. dpyxh/) c:c,t bom diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force osdrzx n;c 5b),t6y q.:pchm/of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300u,c8n fc0 p-d*-fvt rs kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m n97gd/m it3l rc8usn5 below the surface of sea? (The dens r7 cm9dl 5/snt3ugni8ity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface pni izay0+ n5he(r7+cof sea? (The density of seawater n y(c0i75rp+ne+ah izis $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small p/d 2 s/dsxvs:l:j fqpx;lr3*miston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston h:xp; dj/2:qll3 d mss*/vxrsf as area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small pivd 9ht;vnbj -)z3l vkj.uiq34ston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large d ijk.qvh3 ;j-4ut vnvzl3b)9 piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm dgzmms +4 2ua1jabl85d iameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applias1 5 dl4+b2z8amgu mjed to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of df(qc4vr u5+xsec 8*u 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. u4e rvdqf*x 5(ucc+ 8s The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What isf*fprd pc ir-1(jy2bglfzv.m :v6**i the buoyant force of the1i (*p jfv.blyz*fdv62 fr -mciprg*: water?

  An object has a volume y8q 8f/bnw6tx of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is suppor *4t3d erf)qpgi7lhd0ted by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (Therqdie p 4d)h30*7ltfg specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold ibp gq9 -z.2 mtzmg55yqs $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densitfkn4s;xl - bjh7u 32xvy = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in ai ti2n;(x n9 ro)) wk/n9g*davgr msn7kr and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is thm9s7;n g wr )9gninv*2/kadt nr()xoke specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. No0wq bwe8v9 ,n;gl.f rnw a 20-g piece of copper (specific w;f9 .rlv,gnbe0w n8qgravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass o(asbh6s nvsgf* 9vn)dw441nq f 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just b0ei/h1e qrfpc 0 rq)3darely float in watdrq31q ep ceir0f/)0her. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 mz0 v6k82xba qy long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it siv b aq62x0z8kynks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. /oezl)v b, .jpThe weight of the displacl,)j/ ezvpob.ed water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneadq9aub/9h2 gt th the surf9qadug bt92/h ace. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its v :r- oe6d(ezhaolume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the obdhrea-z(:6oe ject?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands okmp1kj3qlg:u8y;c ,j sbk/y hg8( cz;v(wcg/n an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwat/ gz(/pj(h gy,k vu :qbkymc8 1 cs;kl8c3;wjger of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diametebu.q0en3d61 1dy /fh l:nss evr 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 ivn in..czx k qu0/ m1wqvk 0a3.eij,4m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is thxcvik mk01v.0 eau. qi,/nnjq3z.i4w e velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horfvgiy+fg1twq( 0 )s k5tyga42izontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with vn;hl s avl+07300 kPalvsh+vlan0 ;7 , if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bo52e 9pua me4a*c iz wv16,mgeettom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will w gaw9 u 2ieeemv,5 z6a*p41cemater flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectioy1 8sq 2,dxirmnal area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a vismtq2 w lie*/*y7 oq( ,1ekrkclcosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surfaceiq1*e r *2y7 lelkc/wqt k(m,o of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decrf.iewy:w(a6p hs,x/p6ziy: l eased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a consta:hy6l:azsi fiep( 6/x,wwy. p nt blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. 9 ij 9:jnv0d6;mcqjrjTube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm idq ;n6 9j 9ivc0:jjjrmn tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water o9 (hut6vmocc 8 y-cykkf sjr/48+l2 arise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.29 j ksmf(h2to6uck+c /lc4y8 8-aovyr mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degred1t( h.8nfaai )i:gpfx,tt -y e Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a yh.x 1f8d fa)niiptt-( t ,ag:diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan :vkdfxz/38tm ny i)+vkchpw* +f5.k j f72vgjof water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pa th+*kj)8p v kfvv wj+cxf3 /n5 2k7d.mg:yifzn. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soavj7y. r)+* qvps/ uve0p t(slpp film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force de. */ps7 ypq(+l) pvvt0sv juroes the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and ii0 ppohz6 6;3ijl0 lpls built in such a wlzh p6iill;0p3op 0 6jay that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?