What provides evidence that all life 3u 0s 2l* lfvh* 3blm/pgizxk/ohiz-: on Earth evolved from the same population of cellfsilx:bzi /0u*3*h-mh/l gkz ov3l2ps?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the2y t4d;jm p/cm z2nut9 formation of vesicles.

  Whose experiments disproved spontaneousok/zdl )m:gt7 generation?

  Which type of isotopes are com vojz/;duo2js )+epz ll 4t-b2monly used in absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons that RNA ;ebvbfhe js(k:,;,gz is believed to be the first genetic m j:kbe;s zf(bg v,eh,;aterial?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the appa v:3jhsdz44 a5y3l xhyratus used in the experiments conducted by Miller aj3ysxy h4:z h4 3dl5vand Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalism was a widely accepted x7sv f5r *4rc)ldh6gq theory. This theory suggested that organic comrq*4dv )fcsx57g l6hr pounds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to support that the last univexdt ,nf/l ef2iax s-;/+ 7etnsrsal common ancestor (LUCA) could have emerged2;f/ltx7 x,n-aef ne/tsds+ i at hydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar experiment to Louis Pasteurnwr0 2w5v hz ;*s:lkq)ocu d2s’s famous experiment disproving spontaneous generation, using the set up below at 30°u5d2w 0 )nrkvswc; s:* lqoz2hC.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experimentq9kzp ccr:(.w s disproving spontaneous generation were replicated by placing broth into va :rk9wccq (p.zrious flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosyntheti8.0g2grf95qzq bcv vg c protist. It is a living cell whichcf. v58q q9g2r0gvg zb can carry out all the functions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.