Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second La -* kutfp*lxf1w about “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most directly from which cons-*fpkl*u t1fxervation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits withqwe1a cyz b3), the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the followia,wc bqy3)z1e ng choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to th .vga9z,/v jale force of gravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between their centers is do/,.za vgavj 9lubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a g xgku6h( jyhgrd91a *,-k tln.ravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the dikx.any *g-( htrjkl hgu1d96 ,stance between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X e ) ;drdy0,vfiandY, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. y0e)dfid ,v r;Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have t9o dn94bf xm wgc:/,kqhe same uniform density. Planet X has tw9ncxd q,4/f:bmog 9w kice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited c9 0be412 mfbdr;6 4l akbjwcq)lw3tuby a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would wjfdaq46l wru 0c)b9 ek3 ;42cl b1mtbNOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravitationp otqnm28qax-50q y,yal force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the follo50qptxo2y,q- yaqm n8wing?

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14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of the Su(u4:tvr af a ej66/ hx+jkvth5n), which one of the following best expresex 4 h6fv(t/+vt jjrh6au:5akses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo fo fzgvyx;93hnxl a-d(9 r the international space station, which of the following graphs would best repre 9 x;h(3nvglxy za-f9dsent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

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99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences the same gravitationath5 pv rpu5662df7e:2eqzkr c l force as a second object at the surface of the e frhq6ppt75 u52:vz r2d 6kecEarth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, st iel c)xg* .x9+;umdand a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the o m9e ix*l.)su+xg tdc;bject’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven t ;d1y/(p zaxbyimes the mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational accele1zpxyyd /a;(bration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and 6 a (ba:0ydjjha mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at the sajha: 6(j d0byurface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellu3-,7: gp ;lm:2hngnyftqa3 h .lhhsfite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the hsputna,fl;-7h3h qyhlmg. f23 : :ngsatellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mass obmvpf0x 41n;fne-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as thepvfm 4x 10;fbn Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellitesw 75 dhb/czv c0h*/rfs, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at the same a57rscc0fhh/ b/w*vzd ltitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit around tu;;qy, 8vci4( 9amodzdxmxg5 he Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers z /3( gj)gr79abf 5zky ,djowpto the force a scale registr jodykzz/aj)fgpw7( ,b 9 g53ers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orb nps(.z0vc7o3csx 2 evg, m8usit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the o(smu0gcs 3ce27pvs8n,z .ov xrbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star syxcvp// cw.r/ 3zqu5vdstem shown, the two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents ther/vxc3dwp 5/ v cuq/z. total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with +bw/t* xc9fdl speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is+9l/wcxd *ftb

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