Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Seco k;-;va iei6qcnd Law about “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most directly from which conservation law?ivc;i;-6qe ka

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orespykh , 4;jtc)zng44a ;:stt:uc/t36vtco abits with the Sun locateaht4 t c3tctu4tz),;ya /e 6; v:sscngo4jp :kd at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the force of gravitatiler4- ,6g.s5ulq4 zde qj1nkaonal attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the dist kjslgqz4ln,d- e6qeu.a 1 45rance between their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a gravitational force/f,ttcq ivg8ro (2ax/ of 4.0 N. What will be the iavr (,otxf2/g 8tq/ cforce if the distance between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X am8ldsg*9 bgd,;5 hwzjndY, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius of Plah lzw;gdj,5b9 gd* s8mnet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the same unikci*.rnysx/k:4ab u6form density. Planet X has twice the rk* /ba4:xc s6uik n.yradius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet zz zi8mrpx0,z xhv( //can be calculated if it is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of ,mzz//0h ipx xrz8z(v the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Eu7rv31 97sag2 izvl lyarth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational force F at the sura7 397r 12gsyiu vllzvface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of the Sun)5p9 qnt;pji f a4p70zb, which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration abou9;pt5ip7apjbn q04 z ft the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo fo 9-oy;yje8 d7za xcyyg2*ddr 6r the international space station, which of the following graphy6dgr;28z ey9*c- ajdyy 7 odxs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experienva.z3m y:tdu7 ces the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of7y3vm uaz.:t d the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

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00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a weighl)e wgh)zwc3 6t) yw+mzh+ s mtrd.(v,t, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of cmm h)d( tw)3 s++vw6g, rlhte)y.zzwthe following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth aj kiqj1.zst- 7nd twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of th-z k7sj.q1tjie gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that.hwdc u6svt/)*g gv.b of Earth and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mash/ w.b*sd .6uggv)vct s. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circ3qs t+n; ua-) a6jw.vlc m2nkcular orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. Th6aucajl ) n; 3k-wn.vtm+c2sqe radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with +rky p67s8io v9xk(ynmass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbi87 6oksx(yip9y+vkr ntal radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial ;e 1 w 23 9/unqk vi1e0uq)qi2nowpxslsatellites, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellit;q9w x11iuqinv2sl)w0 k/ueneq p o32e 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit around the Earth wi e *h3e:19e(rwptzi;g2.adq ( ljetaath a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers to the forv9bx13 jbi1au3r rcf4 ce a scale regisbj c3xa r3ubi9411frv ters. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an ells3 qn0 wk.+tkdiptical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the fokwd0n.t+s 3 qkllowing results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two starmwi; t9v 7 hjrh.cvrgk+t 6:g0s follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that ggrh0 ;ki7t+:9wt .6h cvvmjr is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is iu )z dmvx8vfz))3 /-athenh*4r mi8znn a circular orbit with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is sz4mdx-er8n /hvt*f)3i))zm 8 h vauznlowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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