Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping ouw1(5 v.brb40ruc vhai t equal areas in equal time” can bevv(0i.r 54 au crb1wbh derived most directly from which conservation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits with the Sun locz6qdl 0f9aqd)cu,h 0bnyl8q1ux(b 3l ated at one focus of th3y6n h czd8q1f0l q)lubb(l9qda 0x,ue ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the force of gravitatio+p5a 2)xnaphl+a a, hdnal attraction between two small objects if the mass of each ha+npd,xa hp)+5l2a a object is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other withxfl3h*-1v i+v sb5aqv a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will hi lx1v vqb+v3as-5*f be the force if the distance between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-q(d e.l wv//kbrotating planets, X andY, have the same uniform density. q/(lbdv/w. ke Planet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the same uniform densi87gif57(0l d hg bahtutltd7b08u(h 7f5 aigh gy. Planet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by a )f sv -*xkkaz/small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Whica-ksx/ f vk)z*h of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational f ev-u m+1k72w86 rlobo,6zpthib dog2orce F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famo6zv2-ibhpe81g u r7d l6boo+mk, ot2wus second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth sys+8tjrxx(*e,lq glqwqbq4c9 : zv) o9 ytem (ignore any influence of the Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleraz qlyj:cor,x*tqgx8)w+(qel9qb 4 9 vtion about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the xejwt/ 9 7bm:hor)g:eearth with a cargo for the international space station, whio9e mb7x e)j:t/r:gwhch of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon exk2nc( .fcpwg)periences the same gravitational force as a second objectw2(pn)g c.kcf at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object thqcc/ ,,fis qvlh97gil7 g1x9yat has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the mlgigiq ch7qy99x v/1, f7, lscoon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth and twice2ysop / :es8.)mh mpt,aryb:d the radius of Ear)s yh8 .ro:m: 2b/ysmptde ,apth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a mass o/u dvzpkin,;*pfh q34ne-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface ofhq;nf u,kzi/ p3p*d4 v the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a ciuz; 0f2,hw;u7ljk/ ra dakdwx:+8 gqcrcular orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitatg8 l;qwxj2 7r k /,wauk+;:zdduhc a0fional force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet 3mkzoa6nm6c 2orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Ea2 mz3a66kc nmorth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 andm+ w6is4ok11edk4 vz 5ov;fj r 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T,d4; v fe4k+1vzjw65rs 1 moiko what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a r iew2wvce9/g.:oy/ icadius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, thenvw:ui6qap/ nmm,b69 word “weight” refers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop wbium6m: / ,6a9pvnnqrotating, but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit aro(3bnk 2drf: tsj +ex,bund the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest 3(+sr:nf debbjkt ,x2to the sun), which of the following results is true?

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

17.48: In the binary star syyozs 4xs; kmf xp);p62p*l ep1opa(o4stem shown, the two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period )p pz(x ;6 oyp;plkxa o4* 21peossf4mof the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in c67(v ho f*ks,h,ozinsea-/ka circular orbit with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the 7hh oofins( s ,z-ae*c,kkv6/rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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